Regulatory Guides

The term "empty packaging" in UN2908 is a misnomer. What the regulation actually means and why the distinction matters.

Fixed and non-fixed radioactive contamination limits for packages and vehicles, with measurement guidance and common mistakes.

Industrial package types for LSA and SCO radioactive material — which IP type is required and what design standards apply.

Type A package requirements, activity limits, design standards, and when Type A applies vs. excepted or Type B packaging.

IATA radiation protection program requirements, dose limits, and training obligations for air transport of radioactive material.

IATA separation distance requirements from passengers, crew, film, and live animals for radioactive material on aircraft.

IATA rules for shipping excepted packages by air — what documentation, labels, and markings are required vs. exempted.

IATA rules for air transport of fissile material, including exemptions, CSI limits, 6-meter spacing, and consignment restrictions.

When design approvals, shipment approvals, and advance notifications are required for radioactive material air transport.

IATA rules for shipping LSA and SCO radioactive material by air, including per-aircraft limits and IP requirements.

IATA DGR marking and labeling requirements for Class 7 radioactive packages, with label specifications, placement rules, and common errors.

Field-by-field guidance for completing the IATA DGD form for Class 7 radioactive material air shipments.

The definitive list of radioactive materials and package configurations that are prohibited from air transport. What cannot fly, what is cargo-only, and when special arrangement is required.

The complete guide to IATA DGR aircraft-specific rules for radioactive material. TI limits, prohibitions, separation distances, and how to know which aircraft your shipment can go on.

A side-by-side comparison of IATA DGR and DOT 49 CFR requirements for radioactive material. Everything that stays the same and everything that changes when you move from ground to air.

Everything you need to know about shipping radioactive material by air under the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations. What changes from ground shipping, what stays the same, and where to start.

Learn when radioactive material qualifies as both LSA and Type A quantity, and why choosing LSA classification with Industrial Packaging can save you significant time and money.

Understand the fissile radioactive material UN numbers (UN3321-UN3333) under 49 CFR 172.101. Learn what makes material fissile, how fissile exceptions work under 173.453, and why this matters even if you never ship fissile material.

Learn how to classify and ship low specific activity material (UN2912) and surface contaminated objects (UN2913). Understand LSA-I/II/III, SCO-I/II categories, Industrial Package requirements, and exclusive use provisions.

Learn when instruments and devices containing radioactive material qualify for UN2911 excepted packaging under 49 CFR 173.424. Understand activity limits, dose rates, and reduced shipping requirements.

Learn when radioactive material qualifies for UN2910 limited quantity excepted packaging under 49 CFR 173.421. Understand activity limits from Table 4 and reduced shipping requirements.

Learn how to ship empty radioactive material packages (UN2908) and manufactured uranium/thorium articles (UN2909) as excepted packages under 49 CFR 173.428 and 173.426.

Learn when radioactive material qualifies for excepted package shipping under 49 CFR 173.421-428. Understand activity limits, dose rate requirements, and the reduced obligations that come with excepted classification.

Learn all 9 DOT hazard classes and what makes Class 7 (Radioactive Material) unique among them. Understand hazard precedence, subsidiary hazards, and special Class 7 rules.

Learn what radioactive activity means for shipping. Understand Becquerels, Curies, unit conversions, and how activity drives every DOT classification decision.

Learn the shipping paper requirements for radioactive material under 49 CFR 172.200-204. Understand basic entries, RAM-specific entries, and shipper certification.

Understand the roles of NRC and DOT in radioactive material shipping. Learn which agency regulates what, where they overlap, and when you need to comply with both.

Understanding the critical distinction between special form and normal form radioactive material — and how it affects your packaging, classification, and shipping costs.

Learn the UN numbers for radioactive material under 49 CFR 172.101. Understand UN2908 through UN2919 and how to select the correct UN number for your shipment.

Learn what Transport Index (TI) means under 49 CFR 173.403. Understand how TI is calculated, how it determines labels, and vehicle loading limits.

Learn the three radioactive material labels under 49 CFR 172.403. Understand WHITE-I, YELLOW-II, and YELLOW-III requirements based on Transport Index and surface dose rate.

Learn the four radioactive material package types under 49 CFR 173. Understand excepted, Type A, Type B, and industrial packages and how to choose the right one.

Learn what A1 and A2 values are under 49 CFR 173.435, how they determine radioactive material classification, and why they matter for package type selection.

Learn the DOT definition of radioactive material under 49 CFR 173.403. Understand specific activity thresholds, exempt concentrations, and when materials require Class 7 shipping.

Your first step before shipping any radioactive material. Complete guide to 49 CFR 172 Subpart H training requirements.